Facial Blanching: An Unusual Side Effect after Botulinum Toxin Injection
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چکیده
Botulinum toxin (BTX) is widely used in different areas of medicine. Its major and most obvious effect consists in the block of acetylcholine-mediated nerve-to-muscle signaling transmission determining the unique efficacy of BTX used for treatment of neurological disorders related to muscle hypertonicity and spasticity. BTX-induced transient relaxation of the facial muscles used for elimination of facial wrinkles has made BTX injections the most popular non-surgical aesthetic procedure in the world [1]. The inhibition by BTX of exocrine glands function is based on impairment of the cholinergic innervation. BTX is most commonly used for treatment of hyper hydrosis, but in some cases it is also used to block functioning of the salivary and lacrimal glands.
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